Last updated: 19 July 2010

Genus: Aphthovirus

Species: Foot-and-mouth disease virus
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus O (FMDV-O)
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus A (FMDV-A)
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus C (FMDV-C)
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus Asia 1 (FMDV-Asia1)
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 1 (FMDV-SAT1)
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 (FMDV-SAT2)
Seotype: foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 3 (FMDV-SAT3)

Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus O

Country codes used by the World Reference Laboratory for FMD (WRLFMD)

References

Species: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)
Virus Strain

Region

 552

Accession No.

 Reference Comments

Foot-and-mouth disease virus O (FMDV-O)
Afghanistan (AFG)
FMDV-O AFG/16/2003 VP1 639 DQ165035 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O AFG/50/2003 VP1 639 DQ165036 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O AFG/120/2004* VP1 639 EF457984 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O AFG/201/2004* VP1 639 EF457985 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O AFG/210/2004* VP1 639 EF457986 Schumann et al., 2008  
Algeria (ALG)
FMDV-O ALG/5/90 VP1(p) 164 AJ303467 Samuel et al., 1999  
FMDV-O ALG/1/99 VP1 638 AJ303481 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Angola (ANG)
FMDV-O ANG/10/74 VP1(p) 495 AF300810 Sangare et al., 2001  
FMDV-O ANG/1/75 VP1(p) 246 AJ303482 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
VP1(p) 495 AF300811 Sangare et al., 2001  
Argentina (ARG)
FMDV-O1 Caseros/Argentina/67 P1 2208 U82271 Tami et al., 1997  
VP1 639 M89900 Rieder Rojas et al., 1992  
FMDV-O1 Argentina/77 VP1(p) 390 AJ004646 Malirat et al., 1994  
VP1 639 AJ308705 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Yrigoyen/Argentina/82 VP1 639 Z21862 Saiz et al., 1993  
FMDV-O1 Lujan/Arg/1983 VP1 639 AJ308706 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Ayacucho/Arg/90 VP1 639 AJ308707 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Chapaleufu/Arg/92 VP1 639 AJ308708 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Gral. Pueyrredon/Arg/93  VP1 639 AJ292209 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Rivadavia/Arg/93  VP1 639 AJ292208 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Villarino/Arg/01/93  VP1 639 AJ292205 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Villarino/Arg/03/93  VP1 639 AJ292207 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Rio Negro/Arg/93 VP1(p) 342 AJ306211 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Bariloche/Arg/94  VP1(p) 342 AJ292210 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Rivadavia/Arg/94  VP1 639 AJ306212 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Gral. Conesa/Arg/94  VP1 639 AJ292206 König et al., 2001  
FMDV-O1 Pilcaniyen/Arg/94  VP1(p) 342 AJ306210 König et al., 2001  
Armenia (ARM)
FMDV-O 1691/ARM/96 VP1 639 AJ318823 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
Austria (AUR)
FMDV-O Thalheim/AUR/81 VP1(p) 295 AJ303461 D.J. Rowlands and B.E. Clarke, unpub.; Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Bahrain (BAR)
FMDV-O BAR/1/95 VP1(p) 482 AJ004651 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O BAR/2/97 VP1 639 AJ318824 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BAR/8/98 VP1 639 AJ318825 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BAR/6/99 VP1 639 DQ164862 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BAR/1/2001 VP1 639 DQ164863 Knowles et al., 2005  
Bangladesh (BAN)
FMDV-O BAN/3/96 VP1(p) 410 AJ303483 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Belgium (BEL)
FMDV-O1 Brugge/BEL/63 (BEL/1/84) VP1 639 EU553836 Valarcher et al., 2008  
Bhutan (BHU)
FMDV-O BHU/1/93 VP1(p) 165 AJ303484 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O BHU/1/98 VP1(p) 633 AJ318826 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/2/2002 VP1 639 DQ165037 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/7/2002 VP1 639 DQ164864 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/38/2002 VP1 639 DQ165038 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/15/2003 VP1 639 DQ164865 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/22/2003 VP1 639 DQ165039 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/24/2003 VP1 639 DQ165040 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/25/2003 VP1 639 DQ164866 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/41/2003 VP1 639 DQ165041 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/47/2003 VP1 639 DQ165042 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/49/2003 VP1 639 DQ164867 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/26/2004 VP1 639 DQ165043 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/27/2004 VP1 639 DQ164868 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/28/2004 VP1 639 DQ165044 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/30/2004 VP1 639 DQ165045 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/31/2004 VP1 639 DQ164869 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/33/2004 VP1 639 DQ165046 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BHU/39/2004 VP1 639 DQ164870 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O BHU/40/2004 VP1 639 DQ165047 Schumann et al., 2008  
Brazil (BRA)
FMDV-O1 Campos/Brazil/58 5'NCR(p) to 2A(p) 3575 M95781 M.J. Jensen and D.M. Moore, unpub.  
VP1 668 K01201 Cheung et al., 1983  
CG (see remarks) 8168 AJ320488 Pereda et al., 2002. a poly(C) tract of undetermined length lies between nt 368 and 369
FMDV-O1 Campos  5'UTR(p)(S-frag) 368 D10138 Cao et al., 1991  
 5'UTR(p)(L-frag) 717 D10143 Cao et al., 1991  
3'UTR 90 D10148 Cao et al., 1991  
FMDV-O1 Campos O/E (attenuated)  5'UTR(p)(S-frag) 368 D10139 Cao et al., 1991  
 5'UTR(p)(L-frag) 717 D10144 Cao et al., 1991  
3'UTR 90 D10149 Cao et al., 1991  
FMDV-O1 Bagé/Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil/70 VP1(p) 390 AJ004647 Malirat et al., 1994  
Bulgaria (BUL)
FMDV-O BUL/1/91 VP1 639 EU553837 Valarcher et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BUL/1/93 VP1 639 EU553838 Valarcher et al., 2008  
FMDV-O BUL/1/96 VP1 639 EU553839 Valarcher et al., 2008  
Burkina Faso (BKF)
FMDV-O BKF/1/92 VP1(p) 495 AF300804 Sangare et al., 2001  
FMDV-O BKF/2/92 L 609 AF283434 van Rensburg et al., 2002  
VP1(p)+2A(p) 522 AF274296 Sangare et al., 2001  
3C 639 AF283448 van Rensburg et al., 2002  
FMDV-O BKF/3/92 VP1(p) 495 AF300805 Sangare et al., 2001  
Cambodia (CAM)
FMDV-O CAM/11/94 VP1 639 AJ294906 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 639 AJ294979 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O CAM/12/94 VP1 639 AJ294907 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 639 AJ294980 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O CAM/1/98 VP1 639 AJ294908 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 639 AJ294981 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O CAM/2/98 VP1 639 AJ294909 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 639 AJ294982 Knowles et al., 2001a
FMDV-O CAM/3/98 VP1 639 AJ294910 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 639 AJ294983 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O CAM/6/98 (currently mis-labelled as CAM/6/89) VP1 639 AJ318827 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O CAM/2/2000 VP1 639 AJ318828 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O CAM/4/2000 VP1  639 AJ318829 Knowles et al., 2005  
China (CHA)
FMDV-O A/58 (Akesu, XinJiang, P.R. China, 1958) VP1 639 AJ131469 Zhao et al., unpublished adapted to suckling mice, 7-8 passages, BHK-21 8 passages
FMDV-O Akesu/58 CG 8147 AF511039 Liu et al., 2007 Position and length of poly(C) tract not indicated
FMDV-O OMIII (artificially attenuated from strain Akesu/58) CG 8083 AY359854 Wang et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O GD/86 (Guangdong, P.R. China, 1986) VP1 639 AJ131468 Zhao et al., unpublished  
FMDV-O CHA/1/99 (Tibet) VP1  639 AJ318830 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
CG 8173 AF506822 Zhang et al., unpublished data Position and length of poly(C) tract not indicated
FMDV-O CHA/2/99 (Tibet) VP1  639 AJ318831 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O CHA/3/99 (Tibet) VP1  639 AJ318832 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O CHA/4/99 (Hainan Province) VP1  639 AJ318833 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O F29 VP1+2A(p) 667 AF403048 Lou and Du, unpub.  
FMDV-O Tibet/CHA/99 CG 8183 AJ539138 Mason et al., 2003  

FMDV-O

 HLJOC12/03(China) CG (minus S-fragment
& polyC)		 7767 DQ119643 Li et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O XJ1 (cattle) VP1 639 AY373583 Li et al., unpub.  

FMDV-O

 ES/2001 CG 8163 AY686687 Li et al., unpub.  

FMDV-O

 lz CG 8104 DQ248888 Ma et al., unpublished  
FMDV-O WFL CG 8155 EF175732 Ren et al., 2007  
FMDV-O GBF15 CG 8168 DQ478936 Gu et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O GBF15 (derivative - BHK100+) CG 8166 DQ478937 Gu et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O CC/China/2003 3ABBBC 1281 AY614501 Luo et al., 2004  
FMDV-O LY/2000 (China) VP1 639 EU139260 Du et al., 2007  
Cote d'Ivoire (CIV)
FMDV-O CIV/8/99 VP1 639 AJ303485 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Denmark (DEN)
FMDV-O Denmark/82

3D(p)

383

AF524946

 Rasmussen et al., unpub.  
Egypt (EGY)
FMDV-O1 Sharquia/EGY/72

VP1(p)

 326 AJ004655 Samuel et al., 1993  
VP1 639 DQ164871 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O EGY/2/93 VP1(p) 165 AJ303468 Samuel et al., 1999  
FMDV-O EGY/3/93 VP1 639 EU553840 Valarcher et al., 2008  
Eire (Republic of Ireland) (IRL)
FMDV-O IRL/134/2001 VP1 639 DQ164891 Knowles et al., 2005  
Eritrea (ERI)
FMDV-O ERI/1/96 VP1(p) 216 AJ303486 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
VP1(p) 495 AY283390 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ERI/2/96 VP1(p) 495 AY283391 Sahle et al., 2004  
Ethiopia (ETH)
FMDV-O ETH/1/79
 VP1(p) 495 AY283376
 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/3/79
 VP1(p) 495 AY283377 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/19/83
 VP1(p) 495 AY283378 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/3/90
 VP1(p) 495 AY283379 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/8/90
 VP1(p) 495 AY283380 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/12/90
 VP1(p) 495 AY283381 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/9/92
 VP1(p) 495 AY283382 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/2/93
 VP1(p) 495 AY283383 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/8/94 VP1(p) 588 AJ303487 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
VP1(p) 495 AY283384 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/24/94
 VP1(p) 495 AY283385 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/30/94
 VP1(p) 495 AY283386 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/1/95
 VP1(p) 495 AY283387 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/5/95
 VP1(p) 495 AY283388 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/3/96
 VP1(p) 495 AY283392
 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/15/2001*
 VP1(p) 495 AY283393 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/16/2001*
 VP1(p) 495 AY283394 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O ETH/22/2001*
 VP1(p) 495 AY283395 Sahle et al., 2004  
France (FRA)FMDV-O
FMDV-O FRA/1/2001 CG 8234 AJ633821 Nobiron et al., 2005 includes 47 nt poly(A) tail
VP1 639 DQ164872 Knowles et al., 2005  
Georgia (GRG)
FMDV-O 1696/GRG/97 VP1  639 AJ318834 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
Germany (GER), incl. Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and the German Democratic Republic (GDR)
FMDV-O1 Kaufbeuren/FRG/66 CG: S-frag.
+L-frag.		 ~366 M35873 Zibert et al., 1990 RNA genome starts at position 30 (TTGAAAGGGGG....)
7804 X00871 Forss et al., 1984  
FMDV-O1 Burgwedel/FRG/87 VP1 639 EU553843 Valarcher et al., 2008  
FMDV-O1 Wettmar/FRG/1/88 VP1 639 EU553841 Valarcher et al., 2008  
FMDV-O1 Burdorf/FRG/2/88 VP1 639 EU553842 Valarcher et al., 2008  
Ghana (GHA)
FMDV-O GHA/5/93  VP1 639 AJ303488 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
VP1(p) 495 AF300806 Sangare et al., 2001  
FMDV-O GHA/6/93 VP1(p) 495 AF300807 Sangare et al., 2001  
FMDV-O GHA/7/93 VP1(p) 495 AF300808 Sangare et al., 2001  
FMDV-O GHA/9/93 VP1(p) 495 AF300809 Sangare et al., 2001  
Greece (GRE)
FMDV-O GRE/6/94 VP1(p) 165 AJ303490 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O GRE/23/94 VP1 639 DQ164873 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O GRE/18/96 VP1 639 DQ164874 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O GRE/27/96 VP1(p) 475 AJ303491 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Guinea (GNA)
FMDV-O GNA/4/99 VP1 639 DQ165071 Knowles et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O GNA/6/99 VP1(p) 335 AJ303489 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O GNA/10/99 VP1(p)  456 AJ318835 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
Hong Kong (HKN) (Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China)
FMDV-O HKN/21/70 VP1(p) 261 AJ004684 B.E. Clarke et al., unpub.  
VP1 639 AJ294911 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294984 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/1/73 VP1 639 AJ294912 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294985 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/19/73 VP1 639 AJ294913 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294986 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/1/75 VP1 639 AJ294914 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 672 AJ294987 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/3/75 VP1 639 AJ294915 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294988 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/33/77 VP1 639 AJ294916 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294989 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/14/82 VP1 639 AJ294917 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294990 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/17/82 VP1 639 AJ294918 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 672 AJ294991 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/6/83 VP1 639 AJ294919 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294992 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/7/85 VP1 639 AJ294920 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294993 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/15/90 VP1(p) 173 AJ303492 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O HKN/12/91 VP1 639 AJ294921 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294994 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/1/92 VP1(p) 210 AJ303493 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O HKN/9/93 VP1(p) 225 AJ303494 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O HK/93 (Hong Kong, 1993) VP1 639 AJ131470 Zhao et al., unpublished  
FMDV-O HKN/6/94 VP1(p) 246 AJ303495 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O HKN/9/94 VP1(p) 381 AJ004654 A.R. Samuel and N.J. Knowles, unpub.  
FMDV-O HKN/6/95 VP1(p) 213 AJ303496 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O HKN/7/96 VP1 639 AJ294922 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294995 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/16/96 VP1 639 AJ294923 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294996 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/20/96 VP1 639 AJ294924 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294997 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/1/99 VP1 639 AJ294925 Knowles et al., 2001a  
3ABBB 642 AJ294998 Knowles et al., 2001a  
FMDV-O HKN/10/99 VP1  639 AJ318836 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O HKN/4/2001 VP1 639 DQ164875 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/19/2001 VP1 639 DQ164876 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/2002 CG 8104 AF525458 Feng et al., 2004
AY152808  
AY317098  
FMDV-O HKN/1/2002 VP1 639 DQ164877 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/3/2002 VP1 639 DQ164878 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/2/2003 VP1 639 DQ164879 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/3/2003 VP1 639 DQ164880 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/3/2004 VP1 639 DQ164881 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/4/2004 VP1 639 DQ164882 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/6/2004 VP1 639 DQ164883 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/7/2004 VP1 639 DQ164884 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/8/2004 VP1 639 DQ164885 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/9/2004 VP1 639 DQ164886 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/10/2004 VP1 639 DQ164887 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/11/2004 VP1 639 DQ164888 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/12/2004 VP1 639 DQ164889 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O HKN/20/2010 CG 8123 HM229661 Hamid et al., unpublished  
India (IND)
FMDV-O5 IND/1/62 L 615 AF283435 van Rensburg et al., 2002  
VP1(p)+2A(p) 522 AF274297 Sangare et al., 2001  
3C 639 AF283449 van Rensburg et al., 2002  
VP1 639 DQ164890 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O R2/75 (Tamil Nadu) vaccine strain VP1(p)+2A+2B(p) 330 X88863 Tulasiram et al., unpublished  
P1 2208 AF204276 Hemadri et al., unpublished  
L 603 AF207523 George et al., unpub. (8)  
VP1(p)+2A 330 X88863 Singh et al., 1996  
FMDV-O Madras/India/75 P1+2A 2259 AY145897 Balamurugan et al., unpublished  
FMDV-O IND/53/79 P1 2208 AF292107 Hemadri et al., unpub.  
VP1(p) 165 AJ303462 Samuel et al., 1997  
VP1(p) 165 AF186025 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/6/87 VP1(p) 165 AF186026 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/73/87 VP1(p) 165 AF186027 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/136/87 VP1(p) 165 AY037120 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/1/88 VP1(p) 156 AY037123 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/5/88 VP1(p) 147 AY037137 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/98/88 VP1(p) 165 AF186028 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/231/88 VP1(p) 165 AF186029 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/392/88 VP1(p) 165 AF186030 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/1/89 VP1(p) 165 AF186031 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/8/89 VP1(p) 243 AY037141 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/44/89 VP1(p) 231 AY037131 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/6/90 VP1(p) 243 AY037138 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/49/90 VP1(p) 228 AY037132 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/84/90 VP1(p) 137 AY037140 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/84/90 VP1(p) 165 AF186032 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/100/90 VP1(p) 151 AY037118 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/138/90 VP1(p) 228 AY037121 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/246/90 VP1(p) 228 AY037125 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O Bak/90 5'NCR(p)+L(p) 847 Y17974 Suryanarayana et al., unpub. (b)  
5'NCR(S-frag) 365 Y18531 Suryanarayana et al., unpub. (c)  
FMDV-O IND/11/91 VP1(p) 219 AY037119 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/8/92 VP1(p) 240 AY037142 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/25/92 VP1(p) 230 AY037126 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/14/93 VP1(p) 165 AF186033 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/88/93 VP1(p) 165 AF186034 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/92/93 VP1(p) 165 AF186035 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/140/93 VP1(p) 165 AF186036 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/7/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186037 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/8/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186038 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/10/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186039 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/24/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186040 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/41/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186041 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/68/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186042 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/76/94 VP1(p) 165 AF186043 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/301/94 VP1(p) 156 AY037129 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/7/95 VP1(p) 237 AY037139 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/22/95 VP1(p) 239 AY037124 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/27/95 VP1(p) 237 AY037127 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/34/95 VP1(p) 237 AY037130 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/52/95 VP1(p) 165 AF186044 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/230/95 VP1(p) 165 AF186045 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/239/95 VP1(p) 165 AF186046 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/2/96 VP1(p) 243 AY037128 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/16/96 VP1(p) 165 AF186047 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/17/96 VP1(p) 243 AY037122 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/49/96 VP1(p) 215 AY037133 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/50/96 VP1(p) 219 AY037134 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/54/96 VP1(p) 213 AY037135 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/57/96 VP1(p) 240 AY037136 Pattnaik et al., 1998  
FMDV-O IND/51/96 VP1(p) 165 AF186048 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O IND/55/96 VP1(p) 165 AF186049 Patil et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O OEK VP1(p)+2A+2B(p) 330 X88862 Tulasiram et al., unpublished  
FMDV-O Karnataka, India VP1(p)+2A+2B(p) 330 X88861 Tulasiram et al., unpublished  
FMDV-O 157 VP1(p) 276 X99065 Madanamohan et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O OBEK VP1(p) 276 X99066 Madanamohan et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O 56 VP1(p) 279 X99067 Madanamohan et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O 310 VP1(p) 276 X99068 Madanamohan et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O ONDRI VP1(p) 276 X99069 Madanamohan et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O OBAN VP1(p) 276 X99070 Madanamohan et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O HS93 VP1(p) 282 AF159130 Reddy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O VS95 VP1(p) 282 AF159451 Reddy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O HS95 VP1(p) 282 AF159698 Reddy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O OV1S VP1(p) 282 AF160456 Reddy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O Karnataka VP1(p)+2A 330 X88861 Singh et al., 1996  
Indonesia (ISA), incl. Java (JAV)
FMDV-O ISA/1/62 VP1 642 AJ303500 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O JAV/5/72 VP1 642 AJ303509 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O Bali/Indonesia/74 VP1(p) 450 AJ004682 B.E. Clarke et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O ISA/1/74 VP1 642 AJ303501 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O ISA/9/74 VP1 642 AJ303502 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O Java/Indonesia/83 VP1(p) 447 AJ004683 B.E. Clarke et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O ISA/8/83 VP1 642 AJ303503 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Iran (IRN)
FMDV-O IRN/3/87 VP1(p) 667 AJ004656 Samuel et al., 1993  
FMDV-O IRN/7/94 VP1(p) 281 AJ303497 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O IRN/9/95 VP1(p) 165 AJ303498 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O IRN/27/95 VP1(p) 612 AJ004653 A.R. Samuel and N.J. Knowles, unpub.  
FMDV-O IRN/15/97 VP1(p)  596 AJ318837 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O IRN/9/99 VP1  639 AJ318838 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/24/99 VP1  639 AJ318839 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/1/2000 VP1 639 DQ164892 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/16/2000 VP1  639 AJ318840 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/16/2001 VP1 639 DQ164893 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/41/2001 VP1 639 DQ164894 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/58/2001 VP1 639 DQ164895 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/61/2001 VP1 639 DQ164896 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/67/2001 VP1 639 DQ164897 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/2/2003 VP1 639 DQ165048 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/4/2003 VP1 639 DQ165049 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/6/2003 VP1 639 DQ165050 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/8/2003 VP1 639 DQ165051 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/15/2003 VP1 639 DQ164898 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRN/16/2003 VP1 639 DQ165052 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/6/2004 VP1 639 DQ165053 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/8/2004 VP1 639 DQ165054 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/15/2004 VP1 639 DQ165055 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O IRN/20/2004 VP1 639 DQ165056 Schumann et al., 2008  
FMDV-O Iranian vaccine strain 3D(p) 746 AY149620 Esmaelizad et al., unpublished data  
Iraq (IRQ)
FMDV-O IRQ/26/2000 VP1  639 AJ318841 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O IRQ/30/2000 VP1 639 AJ303499 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
VP1 639 DQ165057 Schumann et al., 2008  
Israel (ISR)
FMDV-O Israel/81 VP1(p) 639 Z21860 Saiz et al., 1993  
FMDV-O Snir isolate VP1(p) 297 S77355 Stram et al., 1995  
FMDV-O Geshure (G), Israel/85 L+P1+P2+P3 6996 AF189157 Benvenisti et al., unpublished.  
FMDV-O ISR/2/85 VP1(p) 306 AJ303458 Samuel et al., 1993  
FMDV-O ISR/1/92 VP1(p) 165 AJ303504 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
VP1 639 EU553844 Valarcher et al., 2008  
FMDV-O ISR/3/94 VP1(p) 176 AJ303505 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O ISR/1/95 VP1(p) 169 AJ303506 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O ISR/2/95 VP1(p) 503 AJ004650 A.R. Samuel and N.J. Knowles, unpub.  
FMDV-O ISR/1/96 VP1(p) 157 AJ303507 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O ISR/3/99 VP1  639 AJ318842 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O ISR/2/88 VP1 639 DQ164899 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O ISR/2/2004 VP1 639 DQ164900 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O ISR/3/2004 VP1 639 DQ164901 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O ISR/4/2004 VP1 639 DQ164902 Knowles et al., 2005  
Italy (ITL)
FMDV-O1 Lombardy/Italy/46 VP2(p)+VP3+VP1 1815 N/A Leister et al., 1993  
VP1 666 M58601 Krebs et al., 1991  
FMDV-O2 Brescia/Italy/47 P1 2277 M55287 Krebs et al., 1991  
FMDV-O ITL/1/93 VP1 639 EU553845 Valarcher et al., 2008  
FMDV-O ITL/14/93 VP1(p) 165 AJ303508 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
Japan (JPN)
FMDV-O JPN/2000 (Miyazaki, Japan) VP1 639 AB050978 Knowles et al., manuscript in prep.  
CG: S-frag.
+L-frag.		 367 AB079062 Kanno et al., 2002  
7822 AB079061 Kanno et al., 2002  
Jordan (JOR)
FMDV-O JOR/3/96 VP1(p) 518 AJ303510 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O JOR/2/95 VP1 639 DQ164903 Knowles et al., 2005  
Kenya (KEN)
FMDV-O K77/78 VP1 639 DQ165072 Knowles et al., unpub.  
VP1(p) 495 AF300812 Sangare et al., 2001  
FMDV-O K83/79 VP1(p) 281 AJ004686 B.E. Clarke et al., unpub.  
VP1 639 AJ303511 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KEN/1/91 VP1(p) 378 AF023527 Bastos, 1998  
3A 459 AF335006 Heath, L.E., Vosloo, W. and Nel, L.H., unpub.  
3C 639 AF283450 van Rensburg and Nel, unpub.  
FMDV-O KEN/2/91 VP1(p) 165 AJ303512 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KEN/4/91 VP1(p) 165 AJ303513 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KEN/2/95 (K10/95) VP1 639 AJ303514 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KEN/4/95 (K29/95) VP1(p) 202 AJ303515 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KEN/5/95 (K36/95) VP1(p) 273 AJ303516 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KEN/10/95 VP1(p) 495 AY283389 Sahle et al., 2004  
FMDV-O KEN/5/2002 VP1 639 DQ165073 Knowles et al., unpub.  
Kuwait (KUW)
FMDV-O KUW/1/95 VP1(p) 617 AJ004649 A.R. Samuel and N.J. Knowles, unpub.  
FMDV-O KUW/1/96 VP1(p) 263 AJ303517 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O KUW/3/97 VP1 639 DQ164904 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O KUW/4/97 VP1(p)  616 AJ318843 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O KUW/1/98 VP1 639 DQ164905 Knowles et al., 2005  
Laos (LAO)
FMDV-O LAO/1/98 VP1 639 EU667440 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/4/98 VP1 639 DQ164906 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/1/99 VP1 639 EU667441 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/2/99 VP1 639 EU667442 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/11/99 VP1 639 EU667443 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/1/2000 VP1 639 EU667444 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/2/2000 VP1 639 AJ318844 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O Laos/00 3A 429 AY484578 Xin et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/2/2001 VP1 639 EU667445 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/4/2001 VP1 639 DQ164907 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/1/2003 VP1 639 EU667446 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/2/2003 VP1(p) 597 EU667432 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/3/2003 VP1 639 DQ164908 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/5/2003 VP1(p) 606 EU667433 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/6/2003 VP1 639 EU667447 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/7/2003 VP1 639 EU667448 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/11/2003 VP1 639 DQ164909 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/12/2003 VP1 639 DQ164910 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/13/2003 VP1 639 DQ164911 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/17/2003 VP1 639 DQ164912 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/19/2003 VP1 639 DQ164913 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/20/2003 VP1 639 EU667449 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/21/2003 VP1 639 DQ164914 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/22/2003 VP1(p) 609 EU667434 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/23/2003 VP1 639 DQ164915 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/24/2003 VP1(p) 552 EU667435 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/26/2003 VP1(p) 605 EU667436 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/27/2003 VP1(p) 602 EU667437 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/28/2003 VP1 639 DQ164916 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/29/2003 VP1(p) 609 EU667438 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/30/2003 VP1 639 DQ164917 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/31/2003 VP1 639 DQ164918 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O LAO/32/2003 VP1(p) 605 EU667439 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/35/2003 VP1 639 EU667450 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/2/2006 VP1 639 EU667451 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/3/2006 VP1 639 EU667452 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/4/2006 VP1 639 EU667453 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
FMDV-O LAO/5/2006 VP1 639 EU667454 Khounsy et al., unpub.  
Lebanon (LEB)
FMDV-O1 South Lebanon VP1(p) 311 S77354 Stram et al., 1995  
FMDV-O LEB/1/98 VP1  639 AJ318845 Knowles et al., unpublished data (2)  
FMDV-O LEB/1/2003 VP1 639 DQ164919 Knowles et al., 2005  
Libya (LIB)
FMDV-O LIB/3/94 VP1(p) 264 AJ303469 Samuel et al., 1999  
Malawi (MAL)
FMDV-O MAL/1/98 VP1 639 DQ165074 Knowles et al., unpub.  
Malaysia (MAY)
FMDV-O MAY/10/94 VP1(p) 216 AJ303518 Samuel and Knowles, 2001  
FMDV-O MAY/2/2000 VP1 639 AJ318846 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O MAY/3/2001 VP1 639 DQ164920 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O MAY/5/2001 VP1 639 DQ164921 Knowles et al., 2005  
FMDV-O